Definition of Tafseer

Meaning of Tafseer in terms of language is to explain and describe. The definition as it can be seen using it with the QS. al-Furqan (25): 33 as follows:

ولا يأتونك بمثل الا جئنك بالحق وأحسن تفسيرا

Translation:
It is not unbelievers come to you (bring) something odd, but We bring to you something right and the best explanation.

Tafseer comes from the root word al-fasr (ف - س - ر) which means to explain, expose, and reveal or explain the meaning of the abstract. In lis ± n al-'Arab declared al-fasr (الفسر) lexically means revealing something that is closed, while the words al-tafsir (التفسير) means to disclose the purposes of a lafadz that abstruse or complicated. In between the two forms is, al-fasr and al-Tafseer, said al-tafsir (interpretation) is the most widely used.

As for meaning the terminology commentators found that the ulama differ in editorial in the proposed definition, although essentially the same. Al-Jurjani example pointed out that the interpretation is to explain the meaning of the verses of the Koran from various aspects, both historical context and because the decline, using phrases or statements that can be pointed to the desired meaning in a bright and clear. Then the Imam al-Zarqani says that interpretation is a science that addresses the content of the Qur'an in terms of understanding the meaning according to the will of God according to levels of human ability. Furthermore, al-Zarkasyi said that interpretation is a science to know and understand the content of the Qur'an revealed to Prophet Muhammad's explanation of its meaning by taking, law and wisdom contained therein.

From some of these definitions, it can be argued that the interpretation is an effort to reveal and explain the meaning of the verses of the Koran according to their respective levels of abilities that are limited, so that lessons can be found, law, and the wisdom that is contained in these scriptures.

As viewed from the aspect of meaning ta'wil etymology is returned. For example, it can be seen using it with the QS. Ali 'Imran (3): 7 as follows:

. . . وما يعلم تأويله الا الله. . .

Translation:
. . . . And no one understands ta'wilnya except Allah ...

Ta'wil derived from the root word al-aulu (أ - و - ل), which means the return, refund to the existing context in a series of sentences. While the word al-ta'wil mean expression or explanation of a view. In between these two forms of that word, al-aulu (الأول) and al-ta'wil (ta'wil) is frequently used.

Ta'wil according to the terms, the ulama put forward appear in different formulations. Muhammad Husayn al-Zahabi trying summarizes the various opinions of ulama are then classified into two groups: the ulama salaf and ulama Khalaf. According to ulama ta'wil salaf that the meaning contains two meaning, namely: 1) ta'wil is a description and explanation of the meaning of a sentence, 2) means the sentence is meant ta'wil itself. Meanwhile, according to ulama Khalaf, ta'wil is an effort to turn or return a lafadz of meaning usually to other possible meanings as there are arguments or arguments that accompany it. Thus, ta'wil is the science that explains the meaning of general and specific meaning of the sentence structure of the verses of the Koran.

Furthermore, hermeneuein derived from the Greek word for interpreting and hermenia meaningful interpretation or interpretation. The word is a derivation of the word hermeneutics Hermes. Although etymologically and historically derived from Greek mythology, but theologically, the role of Hermes in fact not unlike the role of the prophet messenger of God who served as interpreter and liaison lights to convey the message and teachings of God to man. According to Hussein Nasr, Hermes none other than Prophet Idris as., referred to in the Qur'an. Thus, Hermes became a symbol of an ambassador who bears a mission, namely to interpret or retell a message in the text into the language used by the listeners.

In terminology, hermeneutics means the effort to explain and trace messages and a basic understanding of a speech or writing that is unclear, vague, dimly lit and contradictions, giving rise to doubts.

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